写作教学应该如何因材施教?
写作教学应该如何因材施教?
最新跟帖
唐唐尉
写作 我理解为人表达自身“逻辑”的一种方式 因材施教对教师要求 有一个比较完整、清晰的人类思想“逻辑”体系 基于此 分析教学对象处于那个阶段 帮助引导教学对象建立自身的“逻辑”体系和表达方式 不建议因材施教 教育成本太高 投放精力与教育效果相差太大 可以进行粗放一点的分类施教 例如将教学对象分为三大类 毫无逻辑 逻辑萌发 逻辑紧密 不同阶段 对应不同教育内容和方法就可以了
草言树语
对于小学生的作文教学,有一点粗浅之见:老师在教的时候,可以先问,同学们,你们会观察吗?有人一定想,观察不就是睁大眼睛看吗?并非这样,同样是用眼睛看,有的人,看得模模糊糊,而有的人,却能看出门道,看出不同的实质。比如:这一位先生,具有医务工作者的风度,但却是一副军人气概。那么,显见他是个军医。他是刚从热带回来,因为他脸色黝黑,但是,从他手腕的皮肤黑白分明看来,这并不是他原来的肤色。他面容憔悴,这就清楚地说明他是久病初愈而又历尽了艰苦。他左臂受过伤,现在动作品来还有些僵硬不便。试问,一个英国的军医在热带地方历尽艰苦,并且臂部负过伤,这能在什么地方呢?自然只有在阿富汗了。“我隔着一条街就看见这个人手背上刺着一只蓝色大锚,这是海员的特征。况且他的举止又颇有军人品概,留着军人式的络腮胡子;因此,我们就可以说,他是个海军陆战队员。他的态度有些自高自大,而且带有一些发号施令的神气。你一定也看到他那副昂首挥杖的姿态了吧。从他的外表上看来,他又是一个既稳健而又庄重的中年人——所以根据这些情况,我就相信他当过军曹。”(节选自《福尔摩斯探案全集》)我们看看,大侦探福尔摩斯就有一双和别人不同的眼睛,他能敏锐地看到大多数人所看不到的东西,并能从观察到的内容当中,推断出这个人的身份、职业、爱好、特长等等。怎么样,够专业够强大吧!因此,我们在观察的时候,一定要带着一双善于发现的眼睛,从表面上的现象,看到里面的实质。当看到一位同学垂头丧气站在队里的时候,我们要去想一想,他为什么会出现这样的表情和神态,是受到了老师的批评,还是同学的嘲讽?当看到一位在大街上乞讨的年轻人,我们也要在心里揣摩一下,这位年轻人为什么不去打工不去找工作,而要用这种方式向人们获取同情心呢?当看到校园里那位校工在不停地为花圃里的花朵浇水时,我们也要去想一下,他的工作这样辛苦,心里是怎么想的,他在校园里呆了这么久,身上有没有故事呢?当你能在用眼睛看到之后还用心思考一番,那么恭喜你,拥有写作文的基本功了。
hayden
好吧,我理解的因材施教是,给予学生针对性的反馈,俗称的刻意练习。一篇文章,简单拆分可以细分为词汇、语句、段落和逻辑。从小学开始,我们学习的路径基本也是按照着这个线路来走。幼儿园至小学,学的词汇和段落,到了初高中慢慢开始学会了逻辑。不过由于现阶段的教育存在着许多BUG——升学是按照年龄来划分,而不是判断学生是否掌握了知识。这就会造成了,许多学生在高中阶段,脑海里存有的词汇仍然十分匮乏,写作水平自然无法提升。所谓的因材施教,首先得判断这学生,目前处于什么阶段:他是词汇是否很差,还是段落很差,亦或是逻辑很差,进而给予针对性建议和学习路径。比如词汇量很差,没啥的办法,词汇是砖头,没有砖头却想盖高楼,无疑是痴人说梦,最笨也是最好的方法提供两个:背词典:多翻翻词汇、同义词、反义词或者成语词典摘录:让学生找一个自己喜欢的作家,将他文章里的精彩词汇摘抄下来。如果是句子很差,就要仿写:找几个优秀作家的句子,让学生照着样子仿写,然后你根据他仿写的结果,给予针对性的建议,有没有模仿到位了?如果是逻辑很差,就可以采用:僵化-固化-灵活运用的方式。比如说给予三段式的结构,总结,分段论证,最后再总结,尝试严格按照这模式写之后,再尝试灵活运用其他的结构写法。当然,你还能让学生提前将文章的结构写好给你。
Raymon_Chiu
别管什么学习基础,先从身边的人、事、物写起,优秀的学生从选择素材,细节描写精彩、到位,巧设开头结尾,雕琢词句,过渡衔接等方面提要求;中等学生从选择素材,把握中心,品味语句,注重修辞、说明等方法的运用上提要求;程度差的学生从选择素材,围绕中心,句子通顺,正确使标点符号,明白作文要分段的等方面去提醒一下吧!说的不太全面,不太到位,仅供参考!
fincio
All of us write for particular purpose, and writing is one of those basic skills for everybody. It frustrates us that many of them are test-oriented. We can’t write a successful article without any technique. So, a communicative approach to writing is crucial. If students are applied to this approach, students can be motivated by authentic writing tasks which may contain some communicative elements, and some classroom writing activities that can be designed between “writing for learning” and “writing for communication”. However, deficiencies in existing textbooks and in classroom teaching are unavoidable, new English teachers can’t perform perfectly in every class. They may mainly focus on accuracy, no sense of audience, and are designed to practise a certain target structures. It is common of a new English teacher for not giving students the chance for creative writing, particularly for expressing unusual or original ideas.One of the most important part in writing class is to provide guidance to the students when they are writing. The main procedures of process writing may include: creating a motivation to write, brainstorming, mapping, free writing, outlining, drafting, editing, revising, proofreading, and conferencing (publishing). During this process, students should create a clear purpose or a reason to write. Then, they think freely and put down all possible ideas that come to their minds and those useful ideas in their writing. Next, they are acquired to see how these ideas can be put together in a coherent or logical way to present the topic well. They are usually given 10 to 15 minutes to start writing freely. Then, they need to write a more detailed outline. It needs not be fixed, and can be changed whenever they have any other better ideas. The first draft needs be given enough time to write. After drafting, the students should read through their writings and check the clarity of ideas or the logical development of their writings. When their writings are finished, proper guidance from teachers is required. To make necessary improvements in both organization and contents, teachers can underline those problematic items and leave them for the students to do the correction themselves. Last but not least, there can be a class conference to talk about the main problems and features of good writings. A systematical teaching procedures is much significant for every teacher.
inu123
写作教学如何因材施教,要充分考虑以下几个因素:1.了解学生的语言表达基础。要研究学生,了解学生的语言表达基础,找准学生表达的起点。2.尊重个性差异。每个学生都是一个独立的个体,尊重不同的写作表达风格。3.鼓励赏识。鼓励学生乐于表达,营造乐于分享自己习作的氛围。4.立足学生年龄特征。写作教学方法,写作教学设计,要符合学生年龄的认知规律。5.习作选题贴近生活。习作训练时,选题要紧紧围绕学生的生活经历,让学生有话可说,有内容可写。